Difference Between New ORS and Old ORS

Difference between New Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) and Old Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS)

Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) is a liquid formulation used to treat dehydration caused by diarrhea or other conditions. It contains a precise balance of water, electrolytes (such as sodium, potassium, and chloride), and glucose to replenish the body’s fluids and restore electrolyte balance.

The key difference between the new and old Oral Rehydration Solutions lies in the composition and formulation. The old ORS, also known as the standard or initial ORS, was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 1970s. It contained a higher concentration of glucose (approximately 111 mmol/L) and a lower concentration of sodium (approximately 90 mmol/L). This formulation was effective but had some limitations.

The new ORS, known as the reduced osmolarity ORS, was introduced by the WHO in 2002. It was developed to improve the treatment of dehydration and reduce the incidence of complications in children and adults. The reduced osmolarity ORS contains a lower concentration of glucose (approximately 75 mmol/L) and a higher concentration of sodium (approximately 75 mmol/L). This formulation helps to enhance the absorption of water and electrolytes from the intestines, allowing for more effective rehydration.

The benefits of the reduced osmolarity ORS over the old ORS include:

Improved absorption: The reduced osmolarity ORS is better absorbed by the body, allowing for faster and more efficient rehydration. The lower glucose concentration helps enhance the absorption of water and electrolytes in the intestines.
Reduced risk of osmotic diarrhea: The higher glucose concentration in the old ORS could sometimes cause osmotic diarrhea, which could worsen dehydration. The reduced osmolarity ORS minimizes this risk.
Better tolerability: The reduced osmolarity ORS has a milder taste, making it more palatable and easier to consume, especially for children. This improves compliance with the treatment.
Widely recommended: The use of reduced osmolarity ORS is now recommended by the WHO and various health organizations as the preferred treatment for dehydration caused by diarrhea.

New ORS Composition: